10,875 research outputs found
Metastable states influence on the magnetic behavior of the triangular lattice: Application to the spin-chain compound Ca3Co2O6
It is known that the spin-chain compound Ca3Co2O6 exhibits very interesting
plateaus in the magnetization as a function of the magnetic field at low
temperatures. The origin of them is still controversial. In this paper we study
the thermal behavior of this compound with a single-flip Monte Carlo simulation
on a triangular lattice and demonstrate the decisive influence of metastable
states in the splitting of the ferrimagnetic 1/3 plateau below 10 K. We
consider the [Co2O6]n chains as giant magnetic moments described by large Ising
spins on planar clusters with open boundary conditions. With this simple
frozen-moment model we obtain stepped magnetization curves which agree quite
well with the experimental results for different sweeping rates. We describe
particularly the out-of-equilibrium states that split the low-temperature 1/3
plateau into three steps. They relax thermally to the 1/3 plateau, which has
long-range order at the equilibrium. Such states are further analyzed with
snapshots unveiling a domain-wall structure that is responsible for the
observed behavior of the 1/3 plateau. A comparison is also given of the exact
results in small triangular clusters with our Monte Carlo results, providing
further support for our thermal description of this compound.Comment: 8 pages, 11 figures, submitted to PR
SIGMA and XTE observations of the soft X-ray transient XTEJ1755-324
We present observations of the X-ray transient XTEJ1755-324 performed during
summer 1997 with the XTE satellite and with the SIGMA hard X-ray telescope
onboard the GRANAT observatory. The source was first detected in soft X-rays
with XTE on July 25 1997 with a rather soft X-ray spectrum and its outburst was
monitored in soft X-rays up to November 1997. On September 16 it was first
detected in hard X-rays by the French soft gamma ray telescope SIGMA during a
Galactic Center observation. The flux was stronger on September 16 and 17
reaching a level of about 110 mCrab in the 40-80 keV energy band. On the same
days the photon index of the spectrum was determined to be alpha =-2.3 +/- 0.9
(1 sigma error) while the 40-150 keV luminosity was about 8 x 10^{36} erg/s for
a distance of 8.5 kpc. SIGMA and XTE results on this source indicate that this
source had an ultrasoft-like state during its main outburst and a harder
secondary outburst in September. These characteristics make the source similar
to X-Nova Muscae 1991, a well known black hole candidate.Comment: 19 pages LaTeX, 6 Postscript figures included, Accepted by
Astrophysical Journa
Inter-band B(E2) transition strengths in odd-mass heavy deformed nuclei
Inter-band B(E2) transition strengths between different normal parity bands
in 163Dy and 165Er are described using the pseudo-SU(3) model. The Hamiltonian
includes Nilsson single-particle energies, quadrupole-quadrupole and pairing
interactions with fixed, parametrized strengths, and three extra rotor terms
used to fine tune the energy spectra. In addition to inter-band transitions,
the energy spectra and the ground state intra-band B(E2) strengths are
reported. The results show the pseudo-SU(3) shell model to be a powerful
microscopic theory for a description of the normal parity sector in heavy
deformed odd-A nuclei.Comment: 4 figures, 2 table
Stretched Polymers in Random Environment
We survey recent results and open questions on the ballistic phase of
stretched polymers in both annealed and quenched random environments.Comment: Dedicated to Erwin Bolthausen on the occasion of his 65th birthda
The SpatialCIM methodology for spatial document coverage disambiguation and the entity recognition process aided by linguistic techniques.
Abstract. Nowadays it is becoming more usual for users to take into account the geographical localization of the documents in the retrieval information process. However, the conventional retrieval information systems based on key-word matching do not consider which words can represent geographical entities that are spatially related to other entities in the document. This paper presents the SpatialCIM methodology, which is based on three steps: pre-processing, data expansion and disambiguation. In the pre-processing step, the entity recognition process is carried out with the support of the Rembrandt tool. Additionally, a comparison between the performances regarding the discovery of the location entities in the texts of the Rembrandt tool against the use of a controlled vocabulary corresponding to the Brazilian geographic locations are presented. For the comparison a set of geographic labeled news covering the sugar cane culture in the Portuguese language is used. The results showed a F-measure value increase for the Rembrandt tool from 45% in the non-disambiguated process to 0.50 after disambiguation and from 35% to 38% using the controlled vocabulary. Additionally, the results showed the Rembrandt tool has a minimal amplitude difference between precision and recall, although the controlled vocabulary has always the biggest recall values.GeoDoc 2012, PAKDD 2012
Discovering the spatial coverage of the documents through the SpatialCIM Methodology.
The main focus of this paper is to present the SpatialCIM methodology to identify the spatial coverage of the documents in the Brazilian geographic area. This methodology uses a linguistic tool to assist in the entity recognition process. The linguistic tool classifies the recognized entities as person, organization, time and localization, among others. The localization entities are checked using a geographic information system (GIS) in order to extract the Brazilian entity geographic paths. If there are multiple geographic paths for a single entity, the disambiguation process is carried out. This process attempts to locate the best geographic path for an entity considering all the geographic entities in the text. Another important objective of this paper is to show that the disambiguation process improves the geographic classification of the documents considering the obtained geographic paths. The validation process considers a set of news previously labeled by an expert and compared with the results of the disambiguated and non-disambiguated geographic paths. The results showed that the disambiguation process improves the classification compared with the classification without disambiguation. Keywords: Ambiguity problem resolution, spatial coverage identification, toponym resolution
Changes in growth of tropical forests: evaluating potential biases
Over the past century almost every ecosystem on Earth has come under the
influence of changes in atmospheric composition and climate caused by human activity.
Tropical forests are among the most productive and extensive ecosystems, and it has been
hypothesized that both the dynamics and biomass of apparently undisturbed, old-growth
tropical forests have been changing in response to atmospheric changes. Long-term forest
sample plots are a critical tool in detecting and monitoring such changes, and our recent
analysis of pan-tropical-forest plot data has suggested that the biomass of tropical forests
has been increasing, providing a modest negative feedback on the rate of accumulation of
atmospheric CO2. However, it has been argued that some of these old forest plot data sets
have significant problems in interpretation because of the use of nonstandardized methodologies.
In this paper we examine the extent to which potential field methodological errors may
bias estimates of total biomass change by detailed examination of tree-by-tree records from
up to 120 Neotropical plots to test predictions from theory. Potential positive biases on
measurements of biomass change include a bias in site selection, tree deformities introduced
by the measurement process, poor methodologies to deal with tree deformities or buttresses,
and nonrecording of negative growth increments. We show that, while it is important to
improve and standardize methodologies in current and future forest-plot work, any systematic
errors introduced by currently identified biases in past studies are small and calculable.
We conclude that most tropical-forest plot data are of useful quality, and that the evidence
does still weigh conclusively in favor of a recent increase of biomass in old-growth tropical
forests
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